As part of her current lifestyle, a 28 year old Caucasian woman routinely injures and allows subsequent healing of her skin and other tissues. Her body modifications include a “split tongue” (a tongue split to the base), which does not interfere with speaking and eating. Other modifications include large scarification patterns produced by branding and cutting. This woman has been known to eat parts of her skin, which were previously cut out of her body. She also performs “needle play” by allowing medical syringe needles to be lodged temporarily under her skin. The patient had a normal childhood, is currently employed full-time as an office manager, and is psychologically stable. Although one other case of self-induced penoscrotal hypospadias is known, this is the only report of extensive, non-psychotic, and autodestructive behavior. However, this may not be the case in the future as an increasing number of young individuals have become interested in body modifications.
Read More"I don't know" can be the best answer
Interview with Lee Goff
Read MoreEntomology and the Law: Flies as Forensic Indicators
Der Entomologe Bernard Greenberg hat zum Abschluss seines Berufs-Lebens zusammen mit Rechtskundler Kunich eine ungewöhnliche -- allerdings ungewöhnlich gute -- Mischung aus wissenschaftlicher Zoologie und damit zusammenhängenden juristischen Betrachtungen erstellt. Das ist sehr nützlich, weil so der moderne Weg der Forensischen Entomologie aufgezeigt wird: angewandt, überprüfbar, gerichtlich verwertbar.
Read MoreBenecke Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Clandestine Necrophilia Probably Legal Still A Problem
By a giddy twist of fate, and as a co-editor of this journal, the author was asked to comment on a paper that deals with the fact that necrophilia can indeed hardly be element of an offense. The current paper is essentially a commentary on previous paper by Sara McKearn, but it also attempts to give some new insights into this moral, ethical and legal question.
Read MoreThe Open Forensic Science Journal: Detection of Semen (Human and Boar) and Saliva on Fabrics by a Very High Powered UV-/VIS-Light Source
A possible method to detect body fluids in forensic cases of sexual assault or abuse is by using forensic light sources, which emit certain wavelengths and excite body fluids to fluoresce.
Read MoreInternational Society for Forensic Genetics Benecke Discrimination of monocygotic twins and clones on the DNA level
ng methods (RFLP, STR, RAPD; e.g. [3]) do not allow discrimination of monocygotic twins. To overcome this restriction, we suggest the use of variable DNA sequences of bone-marrow derived memory B lymphocytes that are likely to be different even in monocygotic twins. Since memory B cells are transported in the blood stream, they can be found in blood stains on crime scenes and checked for a match to the cells of a living pair of twins. The size of the antibody repertoire has been estimated to comprise theoretically up to 1010 specificities [2].
Read MoreGenetic Fingerprints Benecke Coding or non-coding DNA typing
Having solved the last technical hurdles to extract DNA information from virtually any biological material, forensic biologists now have to ponder the ethical and social questions of using information from exonic DNA
Read MoreThe Genetic Imaginary: DNA in the Canadian Criminal Justice System by Neil Gerlach
The book by sociologist Neil Gerlach starts with a theoretical outline about possible fears of society about developments and results of biotechnologies, e.g. transgenic animals, genetically engineered food, possible demands for a right to normalcy ("new eugenics"), patenting genes, and "charismatic science." The next section deals with the "culture of the trace" and DNA fingerprinting in terms of criminal applications and the impact on judicial proceedings. This is put into the context of an apparently widespread and, in the eyes of the author, unrealistic fear of crime in Canada. It is argued that the use of DNA in legal contexts may lead to a "surveillance society."
Read MoreEntomologie heute: What is the Edge of a Forest
Aufgrund des Fundes einer erwachsenen, toten Pilzmücke mit dunklen Flügeln (Bradysia sp., Sciaridae), die normalerweise an Waldrändern vorkommt, auf einer Leiche am Rand eines Waldes im Westen Deutschlands wurden wir während der Gerichtsverhandlung von der Verteidigung und von der Staatsanwaltschaft gefragt, was als „Waldrand“ angesehen wird. Über zwei Ferkelleichen haben wir versucht, Parameter für eine solche Definition zu erarbeiten. Der offensichtlichste Unterschied zwischen dem Inneren des Waldes und dem Waldrand lag in der Außentemperatur sowie in der Innentemperatur der verwesenden Ferkel, die im Schwein an der Waldgrenze höher war. Insgesamt wurden 957 Fliegen aus 56 verschiedenen Arten und zwölf Familien (Anthomyiidae, Calliphoridae, Drosophilidae, Dryomyzidae, Fanniidae, Heleomyzidae, Lauxaniidae, Muscidae, Piophilidae, Phoridae, Sepsidae, Sphaeroceridae) nachgewiesen.
Read MoreForensic Entomology Benecke The Next Step
Since the Second World War only a handful of scientists and crime scene experts have pioneered a way forward for forensic entomology. All of them had the tough job of convincing local authorities, and other scientists, of the benefits of using arthropods in criminal investigations. Judges, in numerous countries, finally decided that forensic entomology was suitable for use in cases ranging from tricky high profile murders to wildlife violations [1-10].
Read MoreGoff Benecke A Fly for the Prosecution
The more pressure is put on scientists to publish in scientific journals, or else to perish, the less likely it gets that an excellent popular science book like A Fly for the Prosecution is written. Being one of the old masters of forensic entomology -- that is, the science of determining post mortem intervals, and many other issues related to mostly violent death --, Lee Goff leads us through his exciting and at the same time entertaining world that strongly depends on silent crime scene assistants: maggots, adult flies and beetles, and once in a while a grasshopper, too. Many of these animals are attracted to decomposing body tissue. Their growth rate, and their succession are predictable, and can therfore be used to estimate the time when they started to feed on a corpse, or the time they got attracted to the body for other reasons like predating maggots, or building breeding chambers.
Read MoreForensic Entomology: Maggots Murder and Men
Here is that rare thing, a good popular book on forensic entomology that is also an illuminating read on forensic science itself and on the art of being an expert witness. Zakaria Erzinçlioglu (a.k.a. Dr Zak), a forensic entomologist for more than 20 years, covers not only the wonderful world of insects as a tool in forensic investigations, but also the Tertiary geological period, O'nyong-nyong disease, Napoleon Bonaparte, human behaviour, maggot therapy and Sherlock Holmes.
Read MoreForensic Entomology Distinction of bloodstains from fly artifacts
Forensic scientists may encounter blood spatter at a scene which may be pure or a mixture of fly artifacts and human bloodstains. It is important to be able to make an informed identification, or at least advanced documentation of such stains since the mechanics of production of fly artifacts are not determinable to the crime scene reconstructionist from regular police forces. We describe three cases in which experiments and crime scene reconstruction led to additional information. Case 1: Above the position of a victim, numerous blood stains of the low-high velocity type were found. Exclusion of these stains being caused by force (but instead caused by the activity of adult blow flies) by use of the following observations that were confirmed in experiments: a) Sperm-/tadpole-like structure with length > width, b) random directionality c) mixture of round symmetrical and teardrop shaped stains. Case 2: A reddish spatter field was found on a fan chain two rooms away from the place where a dead woman was found. Localization of the spatter on the bottom end of the surface hinted strongly towards fly activity. Case 3: Double homicide; submillimeter stains were found on a lamp between the two corpses. Activity of flies was less likely compared to alternative scenario of moving lampshade and violent stabbing.
Read MoreWhat is the edge of a forest (EAFE)
We tried to experimentally address a "simple" question that came up during a homicide trial in Aachen, Germany. Some dead adult flies of the genus Bradysia (Sciaridae) had been recovered from a corpse that was found on grassland close to a forest. Bradysia is known to live on the borders of forests. Relating to this expert witness statement, defense and prosecution asked: "Alright, but what is an edge of a forest?"
Read MoreChild neglect and forensic entomology
Source: Forensic Science International 120:155-159
Full Text 📚 (.pdf)
Mark Benecke & Rüdiger Lessig
Abstract
Close co-operation between forensic scientists, medico-legal doctors, and police forces made it possible to estimate not only the post-mortem interval but also the time since a child was neglected. On the skin surface under the diaper (anal-genital area), third instar larvae of the false stable fly Muscina stabulans FALLÉN, and the lesser house fly Fannia canicularis L. were found. F. canicularis adults are attracted to both feces and urine. From the face, larvae of the bluebottle fly Calliphora vomitoria L. were collected. C. vomitoria maggots are typical early inhabitants of corpses. From the developmental times of the flies, it was estimated that the anal-genital area of the child had not been cleaned for about 14 days (7–21 day range), and that death occurred only 6–8 days prior to discovery of the body. This is the first report where an examination of the maggot fauna on a person illustrated neglect that had occurred prior to death.
Full Text 📚 (.pdf)
Five cases of forensic short tandem repeat DNA typing
In medicolegal samples DNA is often broken into fragments. In many cases, only the amplification of short tandem repeated DNA stretches (STRs), which are located in noncoding regions, allows DNA typing of such degraded materials
Read More2008-05: Meeting of the Elders of The Transylvanian Society of Dracula (TSD)
Unlike former venues (that for now 15 years had taken place in Transylvania -- beautiful: see e.g. Chronicles Issue 27, p. 32--41), this year’s meeting was held in the pittoresque yet very spooky rooms of the Institute for Folklore (Institutul de Etnografie şi Folclor “Constantin Brăiloiu”) in Bucharest, i.e., in Valachia. This location is not too far-fetched since Vald the Impaler of course ruled in Valachia, and not in Transylvania.
Read More